Skip to content
  • My Accountmy account
FLCCC | Front Line COVID-19 Critical Care Alliance
  • Treatment
    Protocols
    Protocols

    Read about strategies to prevent and treat conditions like COVID-19, insulin resistance, RSV, long COVID, and more.

    Learn More
    Prevention

    Boost your immune system, clear your body of spike protein, and learn the benefits of intermittent fasting.

    See All
    Treatment

    At-home and hospital treatment plans for COVID, insulin resistance, sepsis, RSV and flu.

    See All
    Recovery

    Approaches to managing symptoms from long COVID and long Vax.

    See All
  • Medical
    Evidence
    Reviews & Monographs

    In-depth academic pieces presenting original research, analysis, and evidence on complex conditions.

    Read All
    Studies

    A comprehensive listing of all research, studies, authors and sources cited in each FLCCC prevention and treatment protocol for COVID-19.

    Read More
    Lectures

    Watch FLCCC doctors speak at international medical conferences, professional seminars and symposiums.

    Learn More
    Senate Testimony

    Watch Dr. Pierre Kory testify before the U.S. Senate regarding FLCCC protocols to treat COVID-19.

    Learn More
  • COVID
    Resources
    Wondering where to begin?

    Let us help you find what you’re looking for. Making the right health choices can be overwhelming. These resources might be what you’re looking for.

    get started
    Patient Resources
    • Find a Provider

    • Find a Pharmacy
    • Tools & Guides
    • Testimonials
    • Hospital Guide
    Practitioner Resources
    • Efficacy of Ivermectin
    • Informed Consent
    • Nurses for FLCCC
    • Join the Alliance
    • Education on Demand
  • Education &
    Events
    About the education portal

    FLCCC’s goal is to educate healthcare providers and empower patients with the tools and resources they need to take control of their own health.

    Events

    Our twice-yearly conferences bring top experts from a variety of fields together to learn, share, and network with each other.

    • Learn More
    Education on Demand

    Stream video lectures, download slide presentations, and get exclusive access to key facts, data, and references from FLCCC educational programs.

    • My Content
    • Explore Courses
  • News &
    Webinars
    Latest Updates

    Stay up-to-date with the latest news from our fast-moving field.

    View
    Blog

    Subscribe to our blog to read our weekly news capsule and be the first to receive the latest announcements from FLCCC.

    Read Now
    Weekly Webinar

    Sign up for our webinars, every Wednesday at 7pm ET, offering the latest information on therapeutics and treatments and answering audience questions.

    Learn More
    FLCCC in the News

    Read media coverage of FLCCC from around the world.

    View
  • About
    FLCCC
    About the FLCCC

    Learn about the history of FLCCC, our mission and vision,
    and how you can get involved.

    learn more
    • Our Physicians

    • Our Partners

    • Advocacy

    • FAQ

    • Terms and Conditions

    • Impact Reports

    • Annual Reports

    • Support Us

    • Shop our Store

    • Connect with Us

  • Donate
  • Treatment Protocols
  • Find a Provider
  • Find a Pharmacy
  • Medical Evidence
    • Cancer Care
    • Studies
    • Lectures
    • Senate Testimony
  • COVID Resources
    • Get Started
    • Tools & Guides
    • Ivermectin
    • Hospital Guide
    • Nurses for FLCCC
    • Join The Alliance
  • Education & Events
    • FLCCC Educational Conference 2024
    • Education on Demand
    • My Content
  • News & Webinars
    • Latest Updates
    • FLCCC Blog
    • Weekly Webinars
    • FLCCC in the News
  • About The FLCCC
  • FAQ
  • Connect with Us
  • Donate
  • Cart
FLCCC | Front Line COVID-19 Critical Care Alliance
  • Treatment Protocols
  • Find a Provider
  • Find a Pharmacy
  • Medical Evidence
    • Cancer Care
    • Studies
    • Lectures
    • Senate Testimony
  • COVID Resources
    • Get Started
    • Tools & Guides
    • Ivermectin
    • Hospital Guide
    • Nurses for FLCCC
    • Join The Alliance
  • Education & Events
    • FLCCC Educational Conference 2024
    • Education on Demand
    • My Content
  • News & Webinars
    • Latest Updates
    • FLCCC Blog
    • Weekly Webinars
    • FLCCC in the News
  • About The FLCCC
  • FAQ
  • Connect with Us
  • Donate
  • Cart
Donate

References

Categories

Cancer Care (198) I-CARE Early Covid (187) I-CARE Flu and RSV (36) I-PREVENT (153) I-RECOVER Long Covid (111) I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine (320) MATH+ (288)

Tags

ACE2 protein (10) acute respiratory distress syndrome (21) Anti-inflammatory (9) Antidepressants (9) Ascorbic Acid (12) autoantibodies (10) autophagy (24) Breast Cancer (10) Cancer (57) Chest CT (8) Corticosteroids (9) COVID-19 (329) COVID-19 Vaccines (8) Curcumin (8) Cytokines (13) Depression (10) Famotidine (14) Glucocorticoids (7) Hydroxychloroquine (12) Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (9) Inflammation (15) ivermectin (49) long COVID (21) Macrophages (18) Mast Cells (8) Melatonin (20) Mitochondria (14) Myeloid Cells (10) Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (8) Omicron (7) Oxytocin (8) Pneumonia (9) quercetin (15) SARS-CoV-2 (83) SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines (8) Sepsis (20) spermidine (11) Spike Protein (12) Thiamine (10) Thrombosis (9) Tinnitus (12) Tumor (38) Vitamin C (30) Vitamin D (11) Zinc (12)
  • Reference: Androgen receptor inhibition alleviated inflammation in experimental autoimmune myocarditis by increasing autophagy in macrophages.

    Published On: May 25, 2022

    Authors: Ma WH, Zhang XG, Guo LL, Zhang JB, Wei FT PMID: 34109585 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202105_25944 Abstract Objective: Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is characterized by pronounced macrophage infiltration, cardiac necrosis, and cardiac fibrosis. Our previous studies have demonstrated that suppressed androgen receptor (AR) enables anti-inflammation to promote tissue repair by decreasing M1 macrophages and increasing M2 [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Long Covid

    Tags: autophagy

  • Reference: The effects of metformin on autophagy.

    Published On: January 30, 2021

    Authors: Li G, Wu Z, Shang J, Xie Z, Chen C, Zhang C PMID: 33524789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111286 Abstract Metformin is the first-line option for treating newly diagnosed diabetic patients and also involved in other pharmacological actions, including antitumor effect, anti-aging effect, polycystic ovarian syndrome prevention, cardiovascular action, and neuroprotective effect, etc. However, the mechanisms of [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy, Metformin

  • Reference: Autophagy blockade mechanistically links proton pump inhibitors to worsened diabetic nephropathy and aborts the renoprotection of metformin/enalapril.

    Published On: January 15, 2021

    Authors: Mostafa DK, Khedr MM, Barakat MK, Abdellatif AA, Elsharkawy AM PMID: 33275985 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118818 Abstract Aim: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used drugs recently linked to chronic kidney disease. However, the invloved mechanisms remained elusive. Since defective autophagy is identified as a new culprit in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), we aimed [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy

  • Reference: Spermidine, an autophagy inducer, as a therapeutic strategy in neurological disorders.

    Published On: August 24, 2020

    Authors: Ghosh I, Sankhe R, Mudgal J, Arora D, Nampoothiri M PMID: 32873420 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102083 Abstract Spermidine is a naturally occurring endogenous polyamine synthesized from diamine putrescine. It is a well-known autophagy inducer that maintains cellular and neuronal homeostasis. Healthy brain development and function are dependent on brain polyamine concentration. Polyamines interact with the opioid [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Long Covid, I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy, spermidine

  • Reference: Intermittent fasting, a possible priming tool for host defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection: Crosstalk among calorie restriction, autophagy and immune response.

    Published On: July 10, 2020

    Authors: Hannan A, Rahman A, Rahman S, Sohag AA, Dash R, Uddin J. PMID: 32659267 PMCID: PMC7351063 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.07.001 Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative pathogen of deadly Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, which emerged as a major threat to public health across the world. Although there is no clear gender or [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Long Covid, I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy, intermittent fasting, SARS-CoV-2

  • Reference: A randomized Phase II preoperative study of autophagy inhibition with high-dose hydroxychloroquine and Gemcitabine/Nab-Paclitaxel in pancreatic cancer patients.

    Published On: July 1, 2020

    Authors: Zeh HJ, Bahary N, Boone BA, Singh AD, Normolle Dp, Hogg ME PMID: 32156749 PMCID: PMC8086597 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-4042 Abstract Purpose: We hypothesized that autophagy inhibition would increase response to chemotherapy in the preoperative setting for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We performed a randomized controlled trial to assess the autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine in combination with [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy, Cancer, Hydroxychloroquine

  • Reference: ER stress and autophagy induced by SARS-CoV-2: The targer for melatonin treatment

    Published On: June 15, 2020

    Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Like other coronaviral infections, SARS-CoV-2 causes oxidative and ER stress triggering cellular response pathways, mainly PERK and IRE1 branches of the UPR.

    Categories: I-PREVENT

    Tags: aging, autophagy, ER-stress, Melatonin, Sars-CoV2, unfolded protein response (UPR), viral infection

  • Reference: Metformin enhances autophagy and normalizes mitochondrial function to alleviate age-associated inflammation.

    Published On: May 12, 2020

    Authors: Bharath LP, Agrawal M, McCambridge G, Nichols DA, Hasturk H, Liu J et al. PMID: 32402267 PMCID: PMC7217133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.015 Abstract Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for the inflammation that underlies age-associated diseases; thus, anti-inflammaging drugs hold promise for increasing health span. Cytokine profiling and bioinformatic analyses showed that Th17 cytokine production differentiates [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy, Inflammation, Metformin, mitochoncrial function

  • Reference: Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 controlled autophagy reveals spermidine, MK-2206, and niclosamide as putative antiviral therapeutics.

    Published On: April 15, 2020

    Authors: Gassen NC, Papies J, Bajaj T, Emanuel J, Wechmann K, Heinz DE et al. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.15.997254 Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses an acute threat to public health and the world economy, especially because no approved specific drugs or vaccines are available. Pharmacological modulation of metabolism-dependent cellular pathways such as autophagy [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Long Covid, I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy, niclosamide, SARS-CoV-2, spermidine

  • Reference: Spermidine and spermine delay brain aging by inducing autophagy in SAMP8 mice.

    Published On: April 8, 2020

    Authors: Xu TT, Li H, Dai Z, Lau GK, Li BY, Zhu WL et al. PMID: 32268299 PMCID: PMC7185103 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103035 Abstract The natural polyamine spermidine and spermine have been reported to ameliorate aging and aging-induced dementia. However, the mechanism is still confused. An aging model, the senescence accelerated mouse-8 (SAMP8), was used in this [...]

    Categories: I-RECOVER Long Covid, I-RECOVER Post-Vaccine

    Tags: autophagy, spermidine

12Next
FLCCC Logo with white letters
Support Us

We are a 100% donor-supported 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Our work would not be possible without you! Help us expand our reach and share life-saving research.

Give Now
shop
Contact Us
Mailing Address

FLCCC Alliance
2001 L St. NW Suite 500
Washington, DC 20036

Media

[email protected]

Clinical Support

[email protected]

General

[email protected]

Shortcuts
  • About the FLCCC

  • Protocols

  • Providers

  • Physicians

  • Testimonials

  • Latest Updates

  • Newsletter Signup

Follow Us
FLCCC Logo with white letters
Contact Us
Mailing Address

FLCCC Alliance
2001 L St. NW Suite 500
Washington, DC 20036

Media

[email protected]

Clinical Support

[email protected]

General

[email protected]

Shortcuts
  • About FLCCC

  • Protocols

  • Providers

  • Physicians

  • Testimonials

  • Latest Updates

  • Newsletter Signup

Support Us
Give Now
shop
Follow Us
Disclaimer

©2020–2023 All Rights Reserved FLCCC Alliance. The information contained or presented on this website is for educational purposes only. Information on this site is NOT intended to serve as a substitute for diagnosis, treatment, or advice from a qualified, licensed medical professional. The facts presented are offered as information only in order to empower you – our protocol is not medical advice – and in no way should anyone infer that we, even though we are physicians, or anyone appearing in any content on this website are practicing medicine, it is for educational purposes only. Any treatment protocol you undertake should be discussed with your physician or other licensed medical professional. Seek the advice of a medical professional for proper application of ANY material on this site or our program to your specific situation. NEVER stop or change your medications without consulting your physician. If you are having an emergency contact your emergency services: in the USA that’s 911. Please read our complete disclaimers.

© Copyright 2023. FLCCC Alliance. All Rights Reserved.

Terms and Conditions |  Privacy Policy

Page load link
We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience. By clicking the Accept button, you agree to us doing so. Read our Privacy Policy ACCEPT
Go to Top